Timber Frame Categories
Timber windows fall into three main reglazing categories:
Traditional Sash Windows — Sliding sashes with putty glazing. Typically require 14-20mm units to maintain sash balance and clearance. The sash must slide freely in the box frame with the new (potentially heavier) unit installed. Consider the counterbalance system: weights (traditional) or spiral balances (modern retrofit).
Timber Casements — Side-hung or top-hung casement windows. Accept a wider range of unit thicknesses (typically 20-28mm). Glazed with either putty or timber beads depending on age and style.
Contemporary Timber — Modern engineered timber windows from Scandinavian-style manufacturers (Rationel, NorDan, Velfac, etc.). Deep rebates, bead-glazed, accept standard unit thicknesses. Reglaze like uPVC but with tighter moisture management.
Putty Glazing Method
Traditional putty glazing uses linseed oil putty on the exterior face (weather putty) and a bed of putty or glazing compound on the interior face (back putty). The back putty creates a cushion and moisture barrier between the unit and the timber.
Critical: The putty line must slope away from the glass to shed water. Flat or reverse-sloped putty traps water against the seal edge and accelerates failure. Shape the putty to match a ~30 degree slope from the edge of the glass to the face of the timber.
Conservation Glazing
For Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas, the replacement glass may need to match the visual appearance of the original glazing. Options include:
Slim vacuum glazing — 6-8mm overall thickness that looks like single glazing from outside but provides double glazing thermal performance. Fits original putty rebates without modification.
Slim sealed units (14-16mm) — Thin enough to maintain traditional sash profiles. Low-E coating adds thermal performance invisibly.
Heritage glass types — Restoration glass with subtle surface texture that replicates the slight waviness of period glass. Available as the outer pane of a sealed unit for visual authenticity.

